{"id":11147,"date":"2026-09-15T16:09:58","date_gmt":"2026-09-15T14:09:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/?post_type=ressource&p=11147"},"modified":"2026-09-17T16:53:29","modified_gmt":"2026-09-17T14:53:29","slug":"paix-positive-paix-negative","status":"publish","type":"ressource","link":"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/ressources\/paix-positive-paix-negative\/","title":{"rendered":"Paix positive – Paix n\u00e9gative"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Plusieurs auteurs font la distinction\u00a0entre paix n\u00e9gative et paix positive. Parmi ceux-ci, Johan Galtung d\u00e8s 1964, et\u00a0l’Institute for Economics and Peace\u00a0depuis 2010\u00a0env. Ces d\u00e9finitions continuent \u00e0 s’affiner…et nous-m\u00eames l’avons faite\u00a0en 2007, avec\u00a0une approche plus ax\u00e9e sur la meilleure mani\u00e8re de motiver pour la paix et de d\u00e9velopper par l\u00e0 une culture de la paix…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Paix positive, paix n\u00e9gative<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

D\u00e9finition de la paix n\u00e9gative <\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Pour \u00a0Johan\u00a0Galtung<\/a>, la paix n\u00e9gative se d\u00e9finit par\u00a0“l’absence de violence collective\u00a0organis\u00e9e”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Similairement, pour Graines de Paix, la paix n\u00e9gative est toute paix d\u00e9finie par ce qu’elle n’est pas, c’est \u00e0 dire ressentie par l’absence<\/em>: absence de guerre, de conflit arm\u00e9, d’actes de violences. C’est parce que ces d\u00e9finitions de paix n\u00e9gative sont “vides”, construits sur l’absence, que la paix n’est pas tangible, et donc pas motivante pour tant de personnes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00e9finition de la paix positive<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

La paix positive est toute paix d\u00e9finie par ce qu’elle “est”:
Dans sa formulation la plus simple, c’est la pr\u00e9sence d’harmonie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour Galtung<\/strong>, la paix positive est un \u00e9tat o\u00f9 figure “la coop\u00e9ration, une vie \u00e0 l’abri de la peur, du besoin et de l’exploitation, la croissance et le d\u00e9veloppement \u00e9conomiques, l’\u00e9galit\u00e9 et la justice, le pluralisme et le dynamisme et o\u00f9 la violence est moindre, mais pas absente1<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour l’Institute for Economics and Peace<\/strong>, “la paix positive d\u00e9crit les attitudes, les structures et les institutions qui fondent et soutiennent la paix soci\u00e9tale”. Elle est mesur\u00e9e quantitativement chaque ann\u00e9e dans leur Rapport annuel sur l’\u00e9tat de la paix positive dans le monde (plus de 160 pays \u00e9tudi\u00e9s)2<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour Graines de Paix<\/strong>, la paix positive d\u00e9crit \u00e0 la fois la pr\u00e9sence d’un \u00e9tat <\/em>d’harmonie et la pr\u00e9sence d’un processus <\/em>dynamique et continu de convergence et de r\u00e9solution, qui vise des relations humaines et soci\u00e9tales harmonieuses et durables, o\u00f9 les r\u00e9flexes de paix remplacent les r\u00e9flexes de violence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pr\u00e9sence \u00e0 la fois …<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • d’un \u00e9tat<\/strong>
    de s\u00e9r\u00e9nit\u00e9, d’harmonie, de bien-\u00eatre, fond\u00e9 sur\u00a0<\/em>des liens humains,\u00a0des valeurs humaines partag\u00e9es telles que le\u00a0respect, la consid\u00e9ration, l’acceptation, la bienveillance, l’\u00e9quit\u00e9,.. et par\u00a0des sentiments d’humanit\u00e9 commune<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • d’une dynamique<\/strong>
    pour passer d’une culture de la violence \u00e0 une culture de la paix et\u00a0pour tisser des relations harmonieuses, durables, empreintes d’humanit\u00e9.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Cette d\u00e9finition de paix positive est concr\u00e8te:<\/strong>
    Chacun peut ressentir et appr\u00e9cier la pr\u00e9sence\u00a0de ses diff\u00e9rentes composantes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Paix n\u00e9gative<\/td>Paix positive<\/td><\/tr>
    Absence:<\/strong>– de guerre
    – de violence
    – de r\u00e9pression  <\/td>    		Pr\u00e9sence:<\/strong>– de s\u00e9r\u00e9nit\u00e9, d’harmonie, de bien-\u00eatre
    – de s\u00e9curit\u00e9, d’\u00e9quit\u00e9
    – de liens humains qui se tissent
    – de valeurs humaines partag\u00e9es
    – de sentiments d’humanit\u00e9 commune
    – d’une dynamique “culture de la paix”<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    Ressenti comme\u00a0… \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0
    un climat ennuyeux,\u00a0un \u00e9tat plat<\/em>
    –\u00a0manque d’adr\u00e9naline
    – devoir d’\u00eatre sage
    – sentiment d’\u00eatre ligot\u00e9

    peu \u00e9panouissant<\/em>
    – horizon incertain pour entreprendre
    – relations tendues par l’incertitude
    – comp\u00e9titivit\u00e9 entre tous
    – peu de sentiments d’humanit\u00e9

    dangereuse, inqui\u00e9tante<\/em>
    – \u00e9tat fugace, fragile
    – course aux armements

    \u2192 M\u00e9fiance dans\u00a0l’avenir<\/strong><\/td>    		Ressenti comme …<\/strong>
    un climat\u00a0excitant –\u00a0dynamique constante<\/em>
    – motivant-trouver des solutions\/conflits
    – possibilit\u00e9 de se valoriser
    – libert\u00e9 pour cr\u00e9er, agir dans la dur\u00e9e

    \u00e9panouissant et respectueux<\/em>
    –\u00a0climat\u00a0favorable\u00a0pour entreprendre
    – relations\u00a0de consid\u00e9ration\u00a0mutuelles
    – relations\u00a0de dialogue et de\u00a0coop\u00e9ration
    – sentiments d’humanit\u00e9 commune

    garante d’un climat s\u00fbr<\/em>
    – \u00e9tat durable, solide\u00a0
    – investissements en faveur du bien-\u00eatre

    \u2192 Confiance dans l’avenir<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n


    Voir aussi les diff\u00e9rentes d\u00e9finitions de la paix dans le Dictionnaire pour la paix et dans les Citations.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Sources<\/em>
    1. Johan Galtung,Theories of peace.\u00a0A Synthetic Approach to Peace Thinking, 1967.
    2. Institute of Economics and Peace, site web, page sur “Positive peace”, 2016<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Plusieurs auteurs font la distinction\u00a0entre paix n\u00e9gative et paix positive. Parmi ceux-ci, Johan Galtung d\u00e8s 1964, et\u00a0l’Institute for Economics and […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","tags":[],"ressources-theme":[],"category-ressources":[],"class_list":["post-11147","ressource","type-ressource","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPaix positive - Paix n\u00e9gative - Academy Fondation Graines de Paix<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/ressources\/paix-positive-paix-negative\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Paix positive - Paix n\u00e9gative - Academy Fondation Graines de Paix\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Plusieurs auteurs font la distinction\u00a0entre paix n\u00e9gative et paix positive. 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