{"id":8438,"date":"2025-06-25T08:26:32","date_gmt":"2025-06-25T06:26:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/ressources\/active-non-violence\/"},"modified":"2026-05-24T15:51:46","modified_gmt":"2026-05-24T13:51:46","slug":"active-non-violence","status":"publish","type":"ressource","link":"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/ressources\/active-non-violence\/","title":{"rendered":"Active non-violence"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Active non-violence methods<\/h2>\n

A list of 198 methods of active non-violence was drawn up in 1973 by Alfred Einstein Institute committee member Gene Sharp in his book The Politics of Non-violent action.<\/p>\n

The list below includes 40 action types, grouped into 8 categories, from the most cooperative to the most obstructive, ending with the most destructive against oneself.<\/p>\n

These methods are used to inform, raise awareness, make oneself heard, defend, denounce, resist and unblock in order to win a case.<\/p>\n

They are used in cases of disregard, injustice, discrimination, inadequacy, and even in situations of violence.<\/p>\n

Non-violent means of expression<\/b><\/h3>\n
    \n
  • \n

    dialogue, participation in consultations, organization of consultations<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    interactions based on non-violent communication techniques<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    public letters, articles, writings in the press and on the web, etc.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    pamphlets, advertisements, banners, badges, stickers, etc.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    conferences, debates, speeches, interviews, etc.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    courses, training<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    lobbying, petitions, voting or refusing to vote<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    theater, cinema, songs, music, literature, poetry, photos…<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Non-violent workarounds<\/b><\/h3>\n
      \n
    • \n

      alternative proposals<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      the creation of alternative structures, alternative transport, etc.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      the creation of alternative forums, participation in these forums, their financing, the financing of transport and accommodation for participants<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      humor, mock awards<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Non-violent<\/b> non-violent<\/b><\/h3>\n
        \n
      • \n

        steps, human walls, human chains<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        protests and demonstrations<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        strikes<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        boycotts<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        refusal to pay<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        non-violent mutiny<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        sex strikes
        (collective refusal of wives to prevent war)
        (Cf. Lysistrata, the play by Aristophanes (-412 CE). <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Non-violent commercial means<\/b><\/h3>\n
          \n
        • \n

          product and brand boycotts<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          divestments<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          dumping.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Non-violent political means<\/b><\/h3>\n
            \n
          • \n

            conscientious objection, refusal of military service, desertion, choice of civilian service if available.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          • \n

            passport surrender in the case of a second nationality<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          • \n

            emigration (voting with the feet)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          • \n

            diplomatic blockades, cancellations of diplomatic meetings<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          • \n

            parallel governments<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          • \n

            revealing the names of agents and spies.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            Non-violent financial means<\/b><\/h3>\n
              \n
            • \n

              financing non-violent actions<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            • \n

              funding organizations that implement them<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            • \n

              financing opposition parties or organizations.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              Non-violent but obstructive means of intervention<\/b><\/h3>\n
                \n
              • \n

                slowdowns<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              • \n

                occupation of premises and land, sit-ins<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              • \n

                passage obstructions<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              • \n

                mass invasions<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              • \n

                defiance of assembly bans<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              • \n

                overload of administrative or IT systems<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              • \n

                civil disobedience<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              • \n

                active resistance.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                Non-violent means against others
                but violent means against oneself<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n
                  \n
                • \n

                  hunger strikes<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                • \n

                  public immolations.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  Active non-violence methods A list of 198 methods of active non-violence was drawn up in 1973 by Alfred Einstein Institute […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","tags":[],"ressources-theme":[],"category-ressources":[275],"class_list":["post-8438","ressource","type-ressource","status-publish","hentry","category-ressources-dictionary"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nActive non-violence - Academy Fondation Graines de Paix<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/ressources\/active-non-violence\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Active non-violence - Academy Fondation Graines de Paix\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Active non-violence methods A list of 198 methods of active non-violence was drawn up in 1973 by Alfred Einstein Institute […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/ressources\/active-non-violence\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Academy Fondation Graines de Paix\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-05-24T13:51:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\\\/en\\\/ressources\\\/active-non-violence\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\\\/en\\\/ressources\\\/active-non-violence\\\/\",\"name\":\"Active non-violence - Academy Fondation Graines de Paix\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-06-25T06:26:32+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-05-24T13:51:46+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\\\/en\\\/ressources\\\/active-non-violence\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\\\/en\\\/ressources\\\/active-non-violence\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\\\/en\\\/ressources\\\/active-non-violence\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Ressources\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\\\/en\\\/ressources\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Dictionary\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\\\/en\\\/category-ressources\\\/dictionary\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Active non-violence\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"Academy Fondation Graines de Paix\",\"description\":\"Un site utilisant WordPress\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Active non-violence - Academy Fondation Graines de Paix","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/ressources\/active-non-violence\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Active non-violence - Academy Fondation Graines de Paix","og_description":"Active non-violence methods A list of 198 methods of active non-violence was drawn up in 1973 by Alfred Einstein Institute […]","og_url":"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/ressources\/active-non-violence\/","og_site_name":"Academy Fondation Graines de Paix","article_modified_time":"2026-05-24T13:51:46+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/ressources\/active-non-violence\/","url":"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/ressources\/active-non-violence\/","name":"Active non-violence - Academy Fondation Graines de Paix","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/#website"},"datePublished":"2025-06-25T06:26:32+00:00","dateModified":"2026-05-24T13:51:46+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/ressources\/active-non-violence\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/ressources\/active-non-violence\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/ressources\/active-non-violence\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Ressources","item":"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/ressources\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Dictionary","item":"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/category-ressources\/dictionary\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Active non-violence"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/","name":"Academy Fondation Graines de Paix","description":"Un site utilisant WordPress","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ressource\/8438","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ressource"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/ressource"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ressource\/8438\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8438"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8438"},{"taxonomy":"ressources-theme","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ressources-theme?post=8438"},{"taxonomy":"category-ressources","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/academy.grainesdepaix.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/category-ressources?post=8438"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}